Relay Jitter yog qhov teeb meem uas muaj peev xwm tsav koj vwm. Nws tseem hu ua Relay co. Qhov teeb meem no tshwm sim hauv cov khoom hluav taws xob hluav taws xob txhua lub sijhawm.
Thaum relays pib jittering, phem yam tshwm sim. Koj lub cev yuav swb kiag li. Txheej txheem hnav tawm sai sai. Koj yuav siv sijhawm ua haujlwm sim los xyuas seb yog dab tsi tsis ncaj ncees lawm.
Cov lus qhia no yuav qhia koj yuav ua li cas kho relay jitter rau qhov zoo. Peb yuav pib nrog nrhiav qhov teeb meem. Tom qab ntawd peb mam npog kho theem pib. Thaum kawg, peb yuav tshawb xyuas cov txuj ci siab uas tiv thaiv Jitter los ntawm kev tshwm sim hauv thawj qhov chaw.
Dab tsi yog relay jitter?
Relay Jitter tshwm sim thaum cov neeg xa khoom sib tiv toj maj mam tuav. Cov kev sib cuag yuav tsum hloov mus kom huv los ntawm qhib kom kaw. Hloov chaw, lawv chatter lossis nrov nrov ib puag ncig ntawm lub tshuab hloov.
Qhov no tsim lub suab hluav taws xob. Nws tseem ua rau arcing uas ua rau lub relay. Koj qhov hluav taws xob yuav tsis ua haujlwm sib ntseeg. Ib lub cev muaj zog yuav nyob nraum stutter. Lub koos pij tawj yuav poob cov ntaub ntawv.
Cov lus teb ceev
Yuav kom tsis txhob relay co, koj xav tau ib kauj ruam - {{1} {kauj ruam mus kom ze. Nov yog cov kev daws teeb meem tseem ceeb
Pom lub hauv paus ua rau: qhov teeb meem feem ntau yog los ntawm cov hluav taws xob tsis ruaj khov, tsis txaus tsav tam sim no, lossis hnav {}} tawm qhov chaw.
Siv cov khoom siv yooj yim: ruaj khov koj cov khoom siv fais fab. Nco ntsoov tias koj daim npav tsav tsheb hluav taws xob muab tam sim no txaus. Xaiv cov relay yog rau koj txoj haujlwm. Khaws txhua yam ntxuav thiab tswj.
Siv cov kev daws teeb meem siab: rau cov ntawv tshaj tawm: ntxiv cov khoom xyaw zoo ib yam li diodes, capacitors, thiab schmitt triggers.
Cov lus qhia no taug kev koj los ntawm txhua kauj ruam. Koj yuav kawm qhia thiab daws cov teeb meem relay relay.
Nkag Siab Relay Jitter
Yuav kom tsis txhob relay co ua tau zoo, koj yuav tsum to taub qhov ua rau nws. Peb tej yam tseem ceeb tsim Relay Jitter: Cov teeb meem hluav taws xob, cov tsav tsheb tsis muaj zog, thiab hnav lub cev.
Tsis khov Muab Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob
Txhua tus relay datasheet teev ob qho tseem ceeb vololages. Qhov "rub {{- hauv" voltage yog qhov xav tau kom kaw cov neeg sib tiv toj. Qhov "poob - tawm" voltage yog qhov twg cov relay tshaj tawm.
Relay jitter thaum koj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muab tsev nyob ze ntawm rub - hauv qhov pib. Lub coil tau txais lub zog txaus kom pib kaw. Tab sis tom qab ntawd cov voltage tee, thiab cov relay tshaj tawm. Cov voj voog no rov ua nrawm dua, tsim chatter.
Cov teeb meem tshwm sim muaj xws li xaim hlau khiav uas poob voltage nyob rau hauv load. Koj lub zog hluav taws xob yuav raug overloaded. Ac Ripple ntawm DC cov khoom tuaj yeem kuj tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv qab no yog dab tsi koj xav tau.
Ntawm no yog txoj cai ntawm tus ntiv tes xoo: feem ntau cov datasheets qhia meej kom meej rub tawm rub -} 80% ntawm nominal. Tso tawm-tawm voltage feem ntau yog 10-20% ntawm nominal. Daim ntawv qhia txog 24vdc yuav rub tawm hauv 18v tab sis yuav chatter yog tias voltage hloov nyob ib puag ncig ntawm no taw tes.
Tsav tsheb tsis txaus tam sim no
Voltage tsuas yog ib nrab ntawm zaj dab neeg. Ib tug relay's coil xav tau tshwj tam sim no los tsim cov chaw sib nqus muaj zog txaus sib nqus. Daim teb no yuav tsum tau kaw cov kev tiv thaiv khov kho.
Yog tias koj daim npav tsav tsheb tsis tuaj yeem muab qhov tam sim no, cov teb sib nqus nyob qis qis. Lub relay tej zaum nrov nrov tsis kaw. Los yog nws yuav kaw tsis muaj zog thiab qhib los ntawm me me vibrations lossis voltage dips.
Qhov no feem ntau tshwm sim nrog cov tsav tsheb tsis zoo. Tus transistor tej zaum yuav tsis muaj qhov nce txaus. Lub hauv paus resistor yuav loj dhau, tshaib plab lub transistor ntawm tam sim no.
Xav txog nws zoo li sim ua kom lub qhov rooj hnyav nrog ib tus ntiv tes. Tej zaum koj yuav tsiv nws, tab sis nws yuav tsis koom tes kom zoo.
Mechanical qaug zog thiab hnav
Kev txhim kho yog cov khoom siv kho tshuab. Lawv hnav tawm sijhawm.
Lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav uas laus yuav plam nro. Qhov no hloov cov meej rub tawm - hauv thiab poob - tawm cov yam ntxwv. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov pib no tau me dua, ua Jitter ntau dua.
Av yog lwm qhov teeb meem loj. Nyob rau hauv cov chaw tsis txaus siab, hmoov av tsim hauv cov tshuab. Lub cev pob hluav taws xob no ua rau lub cev ntom nti.
Txhua txhua lub sij hawm ib tug relay hloov lub nra, cov arcs me me tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Qhov no muaj tseeb tshwj xeeb nrog inductive thauj khoom. Ntau tshaj ntau txhiab lub voj voog, kos cov pits thiab corrodes lub rooj sib tiv tauj. Qhov no ua rau cov kev sib txuas tsis zoo thiab tsis khov chaw.
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Mob li cas |
Yuav hluav taws xob ua rau |
Yuav muaj khaub ncaws txhua yam |
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Jitter tshwm sim thaum lub hwj chim hloov pauv |
Tsis ruaj khov voltage |
Tsawg |
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Relay "buzzes" tab sis tsis tau kaw tag nrho |
Tsis txaus ntseeg tam sim no |
Ua tau, tab sis tsawg dua |
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Jitter yog yuam kev thiab tsis sib xws |
Ua tau ac ripple |
Cov chaw hnav, khib nyiab |
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Relay tsis hloov pauv txhua lub sijhawm |
Tsis txaus voltage / tam sim no |
Sticking los yog welded contacts |
Nrhiav tau cov kev daws teeb meem
Tam sim no koj nkag siab cov laj thawj, cia txoj kev siv cov kev daws teeb meem. Cov kauj ruam no txhim kho cov teeb meem feem ntau thiab tsim lub hauv paus ruaj khov rau kev txhim khu kev qha relay voj voog.
Lav tau lub zog ruaj khov
Hwj huam muab hluav taws xob ruaj khov yog qhov tseem ceeb. Tsis ruaj khov voltage yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm relay co.
Ua ntej, ntsuas voltage ncaj qha rau ntawm Relay's coil cov chaw pib thaum lub Circuit Court yog thauj khoom. Ntsuas thaum lub sijhawm hloov lub sijhawm dhau. Tsis txhob ntsuas ntawm lub hwj chim muab - hlau tsis kam ua rau koj ruam.
Yog tias koj pom cov hluav taws xob tseem ceeb, siv cov xov hlau tuab rau koj lub zog khiav. Ohm txoj kev cai qhia rau peb tias qis tiv taus cov khoom siv hluav taws xob me me rau cov tam sim no.
Kev kho kom zoo rau hauv zos yog ntxiv cov capouspling capacitor hla ntawm kev xa khoom. Siv 10μF rau 100μF electrolytic, tso raws li qhov chaw relay li sai tau. Cov capacitor no ua zoo li lub roj teeb me me, muab cov khoom siv tam sim no thaum lub sij hawm hluav taws xob sags.
Rau qhov nrov nrov cov khoom siv fais fab, xav txog cov kev tswj hwm hluav taws xob muaj siab. Qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum sib koom lub zog nrog cov motors loj lossis cov sib txawv- zaus drives.
Tsim Tsim Kom Muaj Kev Tsav Tsheb Tsim Nyog
Koj lub relay tsuas yog zoo li qhov Circuit Court tsav nws. Tus neeg tsav tsheb yuav tsum tau tam sim no kom muaj kev lom zem rau cov relay's coil.
Thaum siv trantors, ib txwm xyuas cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj. Nco ntsoov tias nws tuaj yeem ua tau cov relay's coil tam sim no nrog ntau ntawm kev nyab xeeb kev nyab xeeb ntawm}}}}}}} lossis ntau dua yog qhov zoo.
Rau tus neeg tsav tsheb NPN hla kev tsav tsheb, xam lub hauv paus resistor yog qhov tseem ceeb. Tus transistor yuav tsum hloov nyuaj los muab tag nrho cov kauj tam sim no.
Ntawm no yog yuav ua li cas los suav cov pib resistor rau 12V relay tswj tau los ntawm 5v microcontroller:
Nrhiav cov relay's chev tam sim no. 12}}}} v / 240}} ma ma.
Nrhiav lub transistor lub nce (HFE) los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Siv tus nqi conservative zoo li HFE=100.
Txheeb xyuas qhov pib pib tam sim no: i_b= i_c / hfe {}} ma / {4 4}} ma.
Ntxiv rau qhov kev nyab xeeb ntawm 5 rau kev ua kom muaj: i_b_sat {{3} × m {{4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 {4 4 4 4 4.
Xam cov hauv paus resistor. Kev tswj hwm nws yog kev tswj voltage minus 0.7v: r_b {}} (5v} v) / 2.5ma {}} ω. Siv tus qauv 1.5kω resistor.
Teric {- theem ib tug neeg muaj cov txiv neej yooj yim yog feem ntau yooj yim dua thiab muaj zog dua. Lawv nyob nraum voltage -} tswj thiab xav tau yuav luag tsis muaj kev nkag tam sim no.
Xaiv txoj cai relay
Kev tiv thaiv pib nrog xaiv qhov yog. Siv cov relay tsis ncaj ncees yog ib qho yuam kev.
Nyeem cov relay dataseet kom zoo zoo. Phim nws cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb rau koj cov kev xav tau ntawm Circuit Court.
Txheeb xyuas cov coil voltage. Nws yuav tsum phim koj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Ib qho 24v relay yuav tsis ua haujlwm sib ntseeg siab nrog 12V khoom.
Xyuas cov coil tsis kam lossis cov cai tam sim no. Koj qhov kev tsav tsheb yuav tsum lis cov kev xav tau tam sim no.
Saib cov kev sib tiv tauj. Cov Chaw Tiv Thaiv yuav tsum ua koj lub nra voltage thiab tam sim no. Undersized tiv toj tsis nrawm.
Xav txog "rhiab" relays rau Hwj chim - daim ntawv thov tsawg. Cov no yuav tsum tau siv lub zog tsawg dua los ua haujlwm kom ntseeg tau.
Siv cov kev saib xyuas niaj hnub
Kev saib xyuas lub cev tuaj yeem txuag tau cov kab ke kaw. Qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj rau kev ncua sij hawm nyob rau ib puag ncig plua plav.
Rau kev txo qis kev sib cav, kev tu tuaj yeem kho tau ua haujlwm. Tom qab txiav tawm lub zog, siv cov cua compressed kom tshem tawm cov hmoov av xoob. Kev Sib Txuas Hluav Taws Xob Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob rau Stubborn Glime. Tsis txhob siv cov qhaubpaper- nws rhuav tshem kev sib cuag plating plating.
Paub thaum twg los ntxuav versus huv. Peb ib zaug tau siv ib teev sim kho cov kev sib tham sib xyaw nrog kev pom kev sib tham. Kev hloov pauv 5 feeb daws cov teeb meem tas mus li.
Rau cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb lossis hnub nyoog rov qab, hloov yog ib txwm txhim khu kev qha dua li kho. Tus nqi relay tshiab deb dua li system downtime.
Advanced Circuit Court -} ™ kho
Thaum kev txhim kho yooj yim tsis txaus, Circuit Court -} cov qib kev daws tau tuaj yeem tshem tawm Jitter kiag li. Cov tswv yim no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov qauv tshiab uas siab tshaj plaws kev ntseeg tau yog xav tau.
Taming inductive rovback
Thaum xa xov xa tawm, kev sib nqus daim teb sib nqus tsim cov hluav taws xob loj loj. Qhov no yog inductive rovback.
Qhov loj dua tuaj yeem ua kom koj tus tsav tsheb. Nws tseem tsim cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov voj voog ze thiab ua rau Jitter nyob rau lwm yam kev rov qab.
Cov kev daws teeb meem yog ib qho yooj yim flyback diode. Ib qho 1n400x series diode ua haujlwm rau feem ntau cov khoom me me. Txuas nws hla cov relay chev nrog cathode (sawb kawg) mus rau sab zoo sab.
Qhov kev taw qhia rov qab - biases cov diode thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj. Thaum lub kauj tig tawm, ncaws tawm tawm, cov kickback voltage rau pem hauv ntej- biases lub diode, muab txoj kev muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev ncig xyuas thiab tsis sib haum.
+ VCC|| -----|| Reay Chev|| -----|----------- O Hloov Hloov Transistor|---||<| Diode (Flyback) --- | GND
Smoothing nrog hysteresis
Qhov no yog qhov kev daws teeb meem tshaj plaws rau jitter tshwm sim los ntawm qeeb los yog tsis nrov tswj cov cim. Hystereseseses tsim ib cheeb tsam "tuag" hauv kev hloov Logic.
Tsis txhob siv ib qho hluav taws xob qib, hysteris circuits muaj ob: qhov siab dua los hloov rau, thiab qhov chaw qis dua los tua.
Hais tias koj relay rub -} hauv voltage yog 18v. Yog tias lub teeb liab nrov thoob plaws 18v, nws yuav sib tham. Nrog hysteresis, lub Circuit Court yuav tig rau tsuas yog tshaj 19v, tab sis tsis tua kom txog thaum 17V. Tam sim no suab nrov ntawm 17v thiab 19v tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam.
Qhov no feem ntau tau siv nrog Schmitt ua rau ICS lossis piv sib piv nrog cov lus pom zoo. Cov lus pom zoo tsim ob qho kev sib cais. Qhov no ua rau tiv thaiv relay co los ntawm analog lossis nrov nrov.
Vin - - (+) -.|\\|) Piv piv txog VREF - (-) -'---- Oct outver rau tsav|||| '--R2--'|R1|Gnd (Tswvyim Hystercence Circuitci
Kev siv cov mos mos - pib
Mos -} pib ncig ua si txo cov qe loj loj thaum ua khoom siv hluav taws xob. Thaum tsis yog feem ntau rau Jitter kev tiv thaiv, lawv pab txhawb tag nrho cov system ruaj khov.
Los ntawm maj mam ramping voltage los yog tam sim no rau relay chev, mos {{}} pib txo cov thauj khoom ntawm lub zog. Qhov no pab tiv thaiv voltage sags uas tej zaum yuav ua rau lwm cov khoom siv rau kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo.
Ib qho yooj yim mos {{}}} pib siv ib lub network rc me me ntawm tus tsav tsheb trantor lub hauv paus. Lub capacitics siv sijhawm them sijhawm los them los ntawm lub resistor, ua tus transistor tig mus.
Cov txheej txheem no muaj ntau tshaj rau kev ncua loj dua lossis cov neeg tiv toj uas nyob hauv qhov chaw nyob hauv tam sim no tseem ceeb. Tab sis nws yog lwm qhov cuab yeej rau kev tsim cov lus ntsiag to, ruaj khov.
Ib qho kev daws teeb meem kev daws teeb meem
Txoj kev xav yog qhov tseem ceeb, tab sis tiag - ntiaj teb daim ntawv thov ua kev txawj ntse. Cia peb taug kev los ntawm cov xwm txheej daws teeb meem.
Cov xwm txheej
Peb tau hu los saib ntawm txoj kev cai tswj kev tswj hwm vaj huam sib luag. Ib qho 24V DC relay tswj tau ib lub cev muaj zog me me conveyor tau pib sib tham sibtham. Qhov no ua rau lub cev muaj zog, cuam tshuam cov kab ntau lawm.
Kauj ruam 1: Saib thiab sau cov ntaub ntawv
Nco ntsoov saib ua ntej yam tsis kov txhua yam. Thaum twg cov teeb meem tshwm sim? Puas yog nws random lossis txuas rau lwm yam xwm txheej?
Tom qab ob peb feeb, peb pom tus relay jitter yog qhov phem tshaj plaws thaum muaj ntau qhov loj sib txawv tsav (VFD) ntawm tib lub vaj huam sib luag accelerating lub cev muaj zog loj dua. Nov yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Qhov teeb meem tsis yog random - nws tau txuas rau qhov siab- kev tshwm sim tam sim no.
Kauj ruam 2: Kev Kuaj Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv
Tam sim no peb siv compultimeter. Peb cov kev xav yog tias VFD ua rau muaj teeb meem muab hluav taws xob muaj zog.
Kev Ntsuas PSU Voltage: Peb thawj ntsuas qhov tseem ceeb ntawm 24v DC lub zog tso zis tawm. Nws nyeem ruaj khov 24.1v, txawm tias thaum VFD khiav. Qhov no zoo li zoo tab sis tuaj yeem ua tsis tau.
Kev ntsuas qhov voltage ntawm lub kauj: cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb. Peb txuas ntxiv '' meter 'kev soj ntsuam ncaj qha rau cov relating sib sau ua coil terminals. Peb teeb lub 'meter' mus ntes min / max nyeem.
Ua rau cov kev tshwm sim: ib tug neeg pib lub cev muaj zog loj heev ntawm VFD. Raws li VFD spools mus, peb pom voltage ntawm cov relay chev ib pliag tu li 17.5v.
Txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv DATasheet: Peb saib rau tus lej relay. Lub datasheet lees paub nws yog 24V nominal relay nrog "yuav tsum -} nominal, uas yog 18v.
Qhov kev nrhiav pom tseeb: Lub 17.5V DIP nyob hauv qab ntawm tus relay yam tsawg kawg tuav voltage, ua rau nws tso tawm. Raws li VFD inrush tam sim no cov kev cia siab, voltage rov qab, cov relay sim thim rov qab rau hauv ib zaug, thiab pib sib tham.
Kauj ruam 3: Kev kuaj mob thiab kho
Peb tau txheeb xyuas lub hauv paus ua rau: Transient voltage poob ntawm cov chev relay, tshwm sim los ntawm vfd inrush inrush thiab hlau tsis kam.
Kev daws yog ob - mold:
Kev kho kom sai: Peb ntxiv 220μF, 35v electrolytic capacitor ncaj qha thoob plaws cov relating relay lub coil terminals. Tus capacitor no ua raws li lub zog cia hauv zos. Thaum lub sijhawm luv hluav taws xob sags, nws cov khoom siv uas tsim nyog tam sim no kom cov coil energized saum toj no 18v kev poob qis. Chattering nres tam sim ntawd.
Kev Pom Zoo Ntev - xyoo lus pom zoo: Rau kev muaj zog, kev ntseeg tau mus ib txhis, peb pom zoo vaj huam sib luag hloov kho. Cais cais, hnyav dua - gauge fais fab kab yuav tsum tau khiav tawm ntawm cov khoom siv rhiab tshwj xeeb, cais tawm "lub zog pub mis siab {.
Qhov txheej txheem txheej txheem no - ntawm kev soj ntsuam kom ntsuas kom haum kom ntsuas kom haum rau kev daws teeb meem zoo thiab ntseeg tau.
Kev daws teeb meem FlowChart
Start -> Is relay chattering? | '-> Yes -> Observe: Is it random or event-driven? | '-> Measure voltage AT THE COIL during event. | '-> Does voltage dip below "must-operate" spec? | '-> Yes -> Cause: Unstable Voltage. | '-> Fix: Add decoupling capacitor. Improve wiring. | '-> No -> Measure current available from driver. | '-> Is current below coil spec? | '-> Yes -> Cause: Insufficient Drive. | '-> Fix: Redesign driver (check resistor, transistor). | '-> No -> Inspect relay for physical wear/dirt. | '-> Is it old or dirty? | '-> Yes -> Cause: Mechanical Failure. | '->Txhim kho: Hloov cov relay. Qhov kawg
Ua tiav ntev - sij hawm kev ntseeg tau
Relay Jitter yog cov kev sib tw uas muaj kuab heev. Los ntawm kev txav mus dhau kev twv thiab siv cov kev sib tw systematic, koj tuaj yeem ua kom koj circuits ruaj khov thiab vam tau.
Koj jitter daim ntawv txheeb
Yuav kom tsis txhob relay co, ib txwm khiav los ntawm daim ntawv txheeb no thaum tsim qauv lossis kev daws teeb meem:
Pib los ntawm kev kuaj mob: Tshawb xyuas voltage ntawm lub kauj, xyuas seb puas tsav tam sim no, thiab tshuaj xyuas lub relay lub cev.
Nco ntsoov pob zeb - pa taws fais fab. Nws yog lub hauv paus ntawm txhua lub tshuab hluav taws xob txhim khu kev qha.
Tsav tsheb sib cav sib ceg. Tus tsav tsheb tsim nyog tsim nrog kev tsim nyog nrog kev yeem txaus tsis tau.
Xaiv txoj cai tivthaiv rau txoj haujlwm thiab hwm Datasheet Specifications.
Rau qhov kawg ruaj ntseg tawm tsam nrov nrov lossis khoom siv, siv cov txuj ci siab zoo li hysteresis.
Kev xav kawg
Relay Jitter yog cov tsos mob ntawm kev pib ua teeb meem hauv koj cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob lossis kev kho tshuab kev noj qab haus huv. Los ntawm kev thov cov tshev cov qauv thiab cov kev daws teeb meem, koj tuaj yeem txav mus los ntawm cov teeb meem kuaj mob los tsim cov teeb meem tsim nyog tsim nyog rau ntau xyoo.
Yuav ua li cas xaiv cov vaj tse nyob thiab lub davhlau ya nyob twg rau cov khoom - Xeev Repays
Hom kev thauj khoom twg yog tsis haum rau kev siv cov khoom khov - Xeev Repays?
Dab tsi yog qhov ua rau muaj cov khoom - Xeev Relay Burgout?