IEC 61810 tus qauv relay muab cov kev cai meej rau yuav ua li cas relays yuav tsum ua haujlwm thiab yuav tsum muaj kev nyab xeeb npaum li cas. Koj yuav tsum paub cov cai no los xaiv cov relays uas ua haujlwm zoo hauv lub neej tiag tiag. Yog tias koj ua raws li IEC 61810 tus qauv relay, koj tuaj yeem nres cov teeb meem xws li kev sib cuag bounce thiab ua rau relay tsis ua haujlwm tsawg dua.
Koj yuav pom zoo relay kev ua tau zoo thiab ntev relay lub neej.
Koj tseem yuav siv nyiaj tsawg dua rau kev saib xyuas thiab ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb dua.
Ntsiab Cai
Kawm txog IEC 61810 tus qauv yog li koj tuaj yeem xaiv cov relays zoo rau koj cov haujlwm.
Saib cov kev ntsuas hluav taws xob zoo li qhov voltage thiab tam sim no kom paub tseeb tias cov relay muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua haujlwm zoo.
Tshawb nrhiav seb lub relay tau dhau qhov kev ntsuas kev ua haujlwm siab kom paub tias nws yuav kav ntev thiab ua haujlwm zoo.
Nco ntsoov xyuas cov ntawv pov thawj kev nyab xeeb thiab cov lus qhia meej ua ntej koj siv relay.
Siv daim ntawv txheeb xyuas ceev kom xaiv tus relay yooj yim dua.
IEC 61810 relay tus qauv yog dab tsi?
Scope thiab Parts ntawm IEC 61810
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub txog dab tsi IEC 61810 npog ua ntej xaiv ib lub relay. Cov qauv no piav qhia txog yuav ua li cas relays yuav tsum ua haujlwm thiab qhov kev xeem uas lawv xav tau kom dhau. IEC 61810 series muaj qhov sib txawv, thiab txhua ntu hais txog qee yam tshwj xeeb:
IEC 61810-1 qhia rau koj txog cov cai tseem ceeb rau electromechanical elementary relays. Nws piav qhia yuav ua li cas relays yuav tsum ua haujlwm thiab yuav tsum muaj kev nyab xeeb npaum li cas.
IEC 61810-4 yog hais txog kev sib txuas lus nrog kev sib txuas lus yuam kev. Cov relay no xav tau rau kev nyab xeeb circuits.
IEC 61810-7 piav qhia yuav ua li cas kuaj cov relays. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov kev ntsuam xyuas no kom pom tias tus relay ua raws li cov cai.
IEC 61810-10 yog rau relays siv hauv kev ua haujlwm kev nyab xeeb.
Cov ntu no pab koj xaiv qhov zoo relay rau koj qhov project. Txhua ntu qhia koj tias yuav txheeb xyuas dab tsi thaum koj nyeem ib daim ntawv teev lus lossis tham nrog ib tus neeg muag relays.
Kev siv thiab kev sib haum xeeb
Koj tuaj yeem pom IEC 61810 relays hauv ntau qhov chaw. Nov yog qee txoj hauv kev uas lawv siv:
Hluav taws xob tsheb (EVs) thiab hybrid electric tsheb (HEVs): Relays pab tswj siab -voltage circuits thiab khaws cov roj teeb kom nyab xeeb.
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob tauj dua tshiab: Relays txuas hnub ci vaj huam sib luag lossis cua turbines rau inverters. Qhov no pab txhua yam ua haujlwm zoo.
Cov cuab yeej kho mob: Relays pab cov cuab yeej xws li defibrillators pib muaj kev nyab xeeb.
Cov cuab yeej ntsuas thiab ntsuas: Relays tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej los ntawm kev nyab xeeb tig siab -voltage probes rau thiab tawm.
IEC 61810 tus qauv relay kuj ua haujlwm nrog lwm cov qauv hauv ntiaj teb. IEC / UL 61810-1 tus qauv tshiab siv qhov chaw ntawm UL 508 rau electromechanical relays. Qhov kev hloov pauv no ua rau nws yooj yim dua rau kev ua raws li cov cai hauv Tebchaws Meskas, Canada, thiab lwm lub tebchaws. Yog tias lub relay ua tau raws li tus qauv no, nws yuav ua haujlwm hauv ntau qhov chaw thiab dhau qhov kev kuaj xyuas kev nyab xeeb tseem ceeb.
IEC 61810 relay yuav tsum tau
Hluav taws xob Performance
Koj yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas cov hluav taws xob ua haujlwm ntawm ib qho relay ua ntej koj siv nws. IEC 61810 tus qauv relay qhia koj ntau npaum li cas voltage thiab tam sim no tus relay tuaj yeem daws tau. Koj yuav tsum nrhiav cov ntsiab lus xws li "hluav taws xob endurance" hauv cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias tus relay tuaj yeem hloov mus rau thiab tawm ntau zaus yam tsis ua haujlwm. Tus qauv kuj hais txog "kev ua haujlwm rwb thaiv tsev." Qhov no ua rau koj muaj kev nyab xeeb los ntawm hluav taws xob los ntawm kev ua kom lub relay cais qhov chaw nyob sab nraud. Nco ntsoov xyuas qhov ntsuas voltage, tam sim no, thiab qib rwb thaiv tsev. Cov lej no qhia yog tias tus relay yuav ua haujlwm hauv koj lub voj voog.
Mechanical Endurance
Mechanical endurance qhia ntev npaum li cas tus relay yuav kav ntev npaum li cas thaum nws txav ntau zaus. IEC 61810 tus qauv relay tsim cov cai rau qhov no. Koj yuav pom cov kev xeem zoo li lub davhlau ya nyob twg torque thiab rub- tawm cov kev xeem. Cov no ua kom cov relay lub hau ntsaws ruaj ruaj thiab tsis tawg. Tus txheej txheem kuj kuaj xyuas seb tus relay tuaj yeem ua haujlwm luv luv yam tsis muaj hluav taws kub lossis poob siab. Koj yuav tsum nrhiav cov relays uas dhau cov kev xeem no. Qhov no txhais tau tias tus relay yuav kav ntev dua thiab ua haujlwm zoo hauv koj qhov project.
Terminal torque thiab rub- tawm cov kev ntsuam xyuas xyuas lub zog ntawm lub zog.
Kev ntsuas hluav taws xob endurance qhia tias pes tsawg zaus lub relay tuaj yeem hloov tau.
Luv luv-Kev ntsuas hluav taws xob ua kom paub tseeb tias tus relay nyob nyab xeeb thaum muaj teeb meem.
Kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ntseeg siab
Koj xav kom koj relay ua haujlwm txhua zaus koj siv nws. IEC 61810 tus qauv relay pab koj nrog qhov no. Nws teev cov cai rau relays siv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas muaj kev nyab xeeb teeb meem, xws li fais fab nroj tsuag los yog tsheb ciav hlau. Tus qauv kuaj xyuas yog tias cov relay ua haujlwm zoo hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj zog. Nws kuj tseem ua kom paub tseeb tias lub relay yuav tsis ua tsis tiav nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev uas yuav ua rau tib neeg los yog cov khoom puas. Qee cov relays kuj ua raws li IEC 60255-27 rau kev kuaj kev nyab xeeb hnyav dua. Thaum koj xaiv lub relay uas ua tau raws li cov cai no, koj tau txais kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ntseeg tau zoo dua.
Tswv yim:Ib txwm xaiv cov relays uas ua tau raws li IEC 61810 relay thiab lwm cov qauv kev nyab xeeb rau cov haujlwm tseem ceeb.
Ib puag ncig tej yam kev mob
Relays yuav tsum ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw, los ntawm kub factories mus rau lub tsheb ciav hlau tsiv. IEC 61810 relay tus qauv kuaj xyuas yog tias cov relays tuaj yeem tswj kev poob siab, kev vibration, thiab kub hloov. Koj yuav pom tias qee qhov relays tuaj yeem ua rau poob siab txog 30 g rau 1 millisecond. Lawv kuj tuaj yeem ua haujlwm hauv qhov chaw uas muaj kev co ntau, xws li tsheb ciav hlau lossis thaj chaw av qeeg. Tus tsim feem ntau siv cov hniav tshwj xeeb rau txhua qhov sib cuag. Qhov no pab lub relay tiv thaiv kev vibration thiab poob siab. Nco ntsoov xyuas cov ntaub ntawv rau cov kev ntsuas no yog tias koj qhov project ntsib cov xwm txheej nyuaj.
Kev poob siab tsis kam: mus txog 30 g rau 1 ms
Kev vibration tsis kam: ua haujlwm hauv seismic thiab dov khoom ib puag ncig
Qhov kub thiab txias: xyuas cov ntaub ntawv rau kev txwv
Kos npe thiab cov ntaub ntawv
Koj xav tau cov ntaub ntawv meej kom siv lub relay yam xyuam xim. IEC 61810 tus qauv relay hais tias txhua tus relay yuav tsum muaj cov ntawv uas qhia cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb. Koj yuav tsum pom qhov ntsuas voltage, tam sim no, thiab cov cim kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub relay. Daim ntawv qhia yuav tsum piav qhia yuav ua li cas rau nruab thiab siv cov relay. Kev cim zoo thiab cov lus qhia meej pab koj kom tsis txhob yuam kev. Nco ntsoov nyeem daim ntawv lo thiab cov ntaub ntawv ua ntej koj pib koj qhov project.
Nco tseg:Yog tias koj nrhiav tsis tau cov cim meej lossis daim ntawv teev cov ntaub ntawv, tsis txhob siv lub relay.
Tshawb xyuas kev ua raws cai
Datasheets thiab Labels
Nco ntsoov xyuas daim ntawv teev cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov relay daim ntawv lo ua ntej. Cov ntaub ntawv qhia koj cov lus tseeb tseem ceeb ntawm tus relay. Tshawb nrhiav lub sijhawm raug, ntsuas hluav taws xob, thiab kev ntsuas ib puag ncig. Cov lej no pab koj paub yog tias tus relay muaj kev nyab xeeb rau koj qhov project. Daim ntawv lo ntawm lub relay yuav tsum phim cov ntaub ntawv. Koj yuav pom cov cim voltage, tam sim no, thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm daim ntawv lo. Yog tias cov cim qhia meej, koj tuaj yeem tso siab rau tus relay.
Ntawm no yog ib lub rooj yooj yim ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tsis muaj:
|
Parameter |
Kev piav qhia |
|---|---|
|
Lub sij hawm raug |
Relay yuav tsum ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm txwv. |
|
Kev ntsuas hluav taws xob |
Kev ntsuas hluav taws xob, tam sim no, thiab lub zog siv rau kev nyab xeeb. |
|
Environmental Rating |
Overvoltage qeb, pollution degree, impulse withstand voltage. |
|
Cov ntawv pov thawj |
Qhia IEC 61810 kev ua raws cai thiab yog tias koj tuaj yeem muag nws. |
|
EMC Kev Tiv Thaiv/Emissions |
Relay yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov cai ntawm electromagnetic compatibility. |
|
Kev Xeem Endurance |
Relay yuav tsum xeem dhau cov kev xeem rau durability thiab lifespan. |
Tswv yim:Yog tias koj tsis pom cov ntsiab lus no hauv cov ntaub ntawv, tsis txhob siv cov relay.
Cov ntawv pov thawj thiab cov ntawv xeem
Tshawb xyuas cov ntawv pov thawj thiab cov ntawv xeem ua ntej koj siv relay. Cov ntaub ntawv no qhia tau hais tias tus relay ua tau raws li IEC 61810 thiab lwm yam kev nyab xeeb. Nrhiav cov ntawv pov thawj los ntawm cov chaw kuaj mob uas ntseeg siab. Koj yuav pom cov cim zoo li UL lossis CE. Cov ntaub ntawv ntsuam xyuas qhia cov coil tsis kam, rub- hauv qhov hluav taws xob, thiab tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv. Cov lej no pab koj nrhiav cov relays zoo thiab zam qhov phem.
Nov yog ib lub rooj los pab koj txheeb xyuas kev noj qab haus huv relay:
|
Parameter |
Healthy Relay (Tswj) |
Degraded / Ua tsis tiav |
Chav tsev |
Ua raws |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Coil DC Resistance |
Tsis pub dhau ± 10% ntawm cov ntaub ntawv |
>200% los yog<10 % of normal |
Ω |
IEC 61810-1: Cov |
|
Rub-hauv Voltage |
Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 75-80% ntawm cov ntsuas hluav taws xob hluav taws xob |
>90% ntawm qhov ntsuas voltage |
V |
IEC 61810-1: Cov |
|
Tso- tawm qhov hluav taws xob |
10-20% ntawm qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob hluav taws xob |
>30% (ntaus nplaum) |
V |
IEC 61810-1: Cov |
|
Tiv tauj Resistance |
50-100 mΩ (Kelvin) |
>500 mΩ (oxidized / pitted) |
mΩ |
IEC 61810-2: Cov |
|
Rwb thaiv tsev Resistance |
>100 MΩ ntawm 500 V DC |
<10 MΩ (moisture/tracking) |
MΩ |
IEC 61810-1, UL 508 |
|
Ua Si Sijhawm |
5-15 ms (EMR),<1 ms (SSR) |
>20ms (slow armature) |
ms |
IEC 61810-1: Cov |
|
Tiv tauj Rating |
Rau cov ntaub ntawv |
Derated >20% tsis muaj laj thawj |
A / V |
UL 508, IEC 61810-2 |
Kev Pabcuam Chaw Tsim Khoom
Nug lub chaw tsim khoom kom pab yog tias koj muaj lus nug txog kev ua raws cai. Cov tuam txhab lag luam zoo muab kev txhawb nqa rau koj, cov ntaub ntawv xeem ntxiv, thiab cov lus qhia. Lawv teb koj cov lus nug thiab pab koj kho cov teeb meem. Koj tuaj yeem ntseeg relays los ntawm cov tuam txhab uas muab kev txhawb zog. Yog tias koj tsis tuaj yeem tau txais cov lus teb lossis cov ntaub ntawv, xaiv lwm tus neeg xa khoom.
Nco tseg:Kev txhawb nqa zoo ua rau xaiv tus relay yooj yim dua thiab nyab xeeb rau koj.
Vim li cas IEC 61810 relay yuav tsum muaj teeb meem
Cov txiaj ntsig kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ntseeg siab
Koj xav kom koj lub tshuab muaj kev nyab xeeb txhua lub sijhawm. IEC 61810 tus qauv relay pab koj mus txog lub hom phiaj no. Nws teev cov cai nruj rau kev rwb thaiv tsev, tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, thiab kev ua siab ntev. Relays uas ua tau raws li cov cai no tsis tshua muaj kev poob lossis ua rau muaj xwm txheej. Piv txwv li, relays yuav tsum xeem dhau qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm 4,000V AC ntawm coil thiab kev sib cuag rau ib feeb. Lawv kuj xav tau rwb thaiv tsev tiv thaiv siab tshaj 100 megaohms ntawm 500V DC. Cov lej no qhia tau hais tias tus relay tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nyuaj yam tsis muaj kev tawg.
Ntawm no yog ib lub rooj nrog kev ntseeg siab tseem ceeb:
|
Parameter |
Kev xav tau raws li IEC 61810 |
|---|---|
|
Dielectric xeem voltage |
4,000V AC ntawm coil thiab kev sib cuag rau ib feeb |
|
Rwb thaiv tsev tsis kam |
Tshaj 100MΩ ntawm 500V DC |
|
Tiv tauj tiv thaiv |
Tsis ntau tshaj 100mΩ rau kev sib cuag fais fab |
|
Kub nce |
Yuav tsum tsis pub dhau qhov txwv tsis pub muaj kev nyab xeeb |
|
Mechanical endurance |
Yuav tsum ua kom tau raws li kev ua siab ntev ntev rau kev ntseeg siab ntev - |
Qee cov relay modules ntxiv kev tiv thaiv ntxiv, xws li optocoupler cais. Qhov no muab rau koj lwm txheej kev nyab xeeb thiab ua rau koj lub cev txhim khu kev qha.
Kev xaiv yooj yim
Xaiv txoj cai relay yuav zoo li nyuaj. IEC 61810 tus qauv relay ua kom yooj yim dua. Koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas hom relay thiab paub tias nws tuaj yeem ua li cas. Tus qauv siv kev ntsuas zoo li RT I, RT II, thiab RT III los qhia tias kev tiv thaiv ntau npaum li cas. RT kuv txhais tau hais tias lub relay yog plua plav tiv thaiv. RT IV txhais tau hais tias nws raug kaw los ntawm sab nraud. Qhov no yuav pab koj xaiv txoj cai relay rau koj txoj haujlwm.
|
Kev ntsuas |
Kev piav qhia |
|---|---|
|
RT 0 |
Unenclosed relay |
|
RT kuv |
Plua plav tiv thaiv relay |
|
RT II |
Flux pov thawj relay |
|
RT II |
Ntxuav nruj (washable) relay |
|
RT IV |
kaw relay |
|
RT V |
Hermetically kaw relay |
Tswv yim:Siv cov kev ntsuam xyuas no kom phim cov relay rau koj ib puag ncig thiab xav tau.
Kev cai lij choj thiab kev lag luam ua raws
Koj yuav tsum ua raws li cov cai thaum koj tsim lossis muag khoom siv hluav taws xob. IEC 61810 tus qauv relay pab koj ua tau raws li cov cai no. Ntau lub teb chaws thiab kev lag luam txais cov qauv no. Yog tias koj siv relays uas ua tau raws li nws, koj tuaj yeem muag koj cov khoom hauv ntau qhov chaw. Koj kuj qhia tias koj mob siab txog kev nyab xeeb thiab zoo. Qhov no tuaj yeem pab koj kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem kev cai lij choj thiab tsim kev ntseeg siab nrog koj cov neeg siv khoom.
Kev sib ntsib IEC 61810 tus qauv relay tsis yog hais txog kev nyab xeeb xwb. Nws kuj pab koj ua tiav hauv kev ua lag luam.
Kev siv ceev ceev rau IEC 61810 relay yuav tsum
Qhov kev siv ceev no yuav pab koj xyuas seb tus relay ua tau raws li cov cai tseem ceeb. Cov lus hauv qab no qhia txog yam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas yuav tsum tau saib. Txhua txoj cai yuav pab koj xaiv tus relay uas ua haujlwm nyab xeeb thiab siv sijhawm ntev.
|
Kev xav tau |
Yuav Ua Li Cas |
Vim Li Cas Nws Tseem Ceeb |
|---|---|---|
|
Kev ntsuas hluav taws xob |
Voltage, tam sim no, lub zog |
Nres overload thiab tsis ua haujlwm |
|
Hluav taws xob Endurance |
Number of switching cycles |
Qhia ntev npaum li cas relay kav |
|
Muaj nuj nqi rwb thaiv tsev |
Rwb thaiv tsev theem thiab ntsuas voltage |
Ua kom koj tsis txhob poob siab |
|
Mechanical Endurance |
Tus naj npawb ntawm cov tshuab ua haujlwm |
Xyuas kom relay kav ntev |
|
Shock Resistance |
Kev poob siab (g-force, ms) |
Khaws relay kom nyab xeeb hauv qhov chaw ntxhib |
|
Vibration Resistance |
Kev vibration ntsuas |
Nres kev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev co |
|
Qhov kub thiab txias |
Yam tsawg kawg nkaus thiab siab kawg kub |
Relay ua haujlwm kub lossis txias |
|
Kos thiab Labels |
Clear voltage, tam sim no, thiab cov cim kev nyab xeeb |
Pab koj nruab relay txoj cai |
|
Cov ntawv pov thawj |
UL, CE, IEC cov cim |
Qhia relay ua raws li cov cai |
|
Cov ntaub ntawv |
Cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov lus qhia |
Pab koj siv lub relay yam xyuam xim |
Tswv yim:Nco ntsoov xyuas daim ntawv teev cov ntaub ntawv rau cov kev ntsuas no ua ntej koj yuav lossis siv lub relay.
Koj tuaj yeem siv daim ntawv txheeb xyuas no:
Nrhiav kom pom tseeb voltage thiab tam sim no ntsuas.
Tshawb xyuas pes tsawg zaus lub relay tuaj yeem hloov thiab txav mus.
Saib ntawm kev poob siab thiab kev co kuj yog tias koj qhov project nyuaj.
Xyuas kom cov relay muaj rwb thaiv tsev zoo thiab dhau qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob.
Nrhiav cov cim kev nyab xeeb thiab cov ntawv pov thawj ntawm cov relay thiab datasheet.
Nyeem cov lus qhia kom koj tsis txhob ua yuam kev thaum txhim kho.
Yog tias koj ua raws li cov kauj ruam no, koj yuav xaiv lub relay uas ua haujlwm zoo thiab ua kom koj qhov project muaj kev nyab xeeb. Siv cov ntaub ntawv ceev no txhua zaus koj xaiv ib lub relay rau txoj haujlwm tshiab.
Koj tau kawm lub ntsiab IEC 61810 relay cov cai. Paub txog cov cai no pab koj xaiv cov relays uas muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab kav ntev. Thaum koj paub tias cov cai txhais li cas, koj tuaj yeem:
Xyuas seb relays puas muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua haujlwm zoo.
Xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws relay rau txhua qhov project.
Ua kom koj qhov system txhim khu kev qha thiab ua raws li cov cai tswj kev nyab xeeb.
Yog tias koj xav kawm ntxiv, koj tuaj yeem saib cov lus qhia thiab cov qauv no:
|
Kev piav qhia |
URL |
|---|---|
|
Qhov chaw rau cov qauv, engineering specifications, phau ntawv qhia, thiab kev tshaj tawm |
Txuas |
FAQ
Qhov "hluav taws xob endurance" txhais li cas rau relay?
Hluav taws xob endurance qhia tau hais tias pes tsawg zaus koj tuaj yeem hloov lub relay hauv qab load ua ntej nws ua tsis tiav. Koj yuav tsum tshawb xyuas tus lej no hauv cov ntaub ntawv kom paub tias koj lub relay yuav kav ntev npaum li cas hauv koj qhov project.
Yuav ua li cas koj paub yog hais tias ib tug relay raws li IEC 61810?
Koj tuaj yeem nrhiav IEC 61810 cov cim ntawm tus relay lossis hauv daim ntawv teev cov ntaub ntawv. Cov ntawv pov thawj los ntawm cov chaw kuaj kev ntseeg siab kuj qhia tau tias ua raws. Yog tias koj pom cov no, koj paub tias tus relay ua raws li tus qauv.
Vim li cas cov relays xav tau kev ntsuas rwb thaiv tsev?
Kev ntsuam xyuas rwb thaiv tsev kom koj muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm hluav taws xob poob siab. Cov kev ntsuam xyuas no xyuas seb lub relay puas tuaj yeem cais qhov chaw nyob sab nraud. Koj yuav tsum tau siv cov relays uas dhau qhov kev xeem no.
Koj puas tuaj yeem siv IEC 61810 relays hauv qhov chaw hnyav?
Yog, koj ua tau. Ntau IEC 61810 relays ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas muaj kev poob siab, kev co, lossis kub hloov. Nco ntsoov xyuas cov ntaub ntawv rau kev ntsuas xws li kev poob siab thiab qhov kub thiab txias.
Koj yuav ua li cas yog tias koj nrhiav tsis tau ib tug relay cov ntaub ntawv?
Tswv yim:
Tsis txhob siv lub relay yog tias koj nrhiav tsis tau cov ntaub ntawv. Koj xav tau cov ntaub ntawv no txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov qhab nia, kev nyab xeeb, thiab ua raws. Ib txwm xaiv relays nrog cov ntaub ntawv meej.