Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kev xa tawm thiab cov neeg hais rov qab

Ntau cov haujlwm hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm fim ib qho kev sib tw. Koj yuav tsum tswj lub siab - voltage ac ntaus ntawv, xws li lub cev muaj teeb meem, siv qhov tsis muaj zog, siv tus microcontroller zoo li arduino lossis raspberry PI. Ob lub ntiaj teb hluav taws xob no tsis tuaj yeem sib ntsib ncaj qha yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj.

Qhov kev daws teeb meem tseem ceeb yog cov relay. Nws yog cov hloov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob uas muab cov hluav taws xob sib cais.

Qhov no coj txhua tus tsim khoom, tus kws ua choj, thiab nyiam ua kom muaj kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb. Puas yog koj yuav tsum siv lub liab qab, sawv ib tus neeg relay? Los yog koj yuav tsum tau xaiv rau qhov yooj yim, ua ntej-}}}}}}}}}}}}}}} sortbed relay module?

Cov lus teb yog ncaj ntawm qib siab. Ib tug relay module yog ib qho kev sib xyaw ua ke yog ib qho kev sib xyaw ua ke yog ib qho kev sib xyaw ua ke}}}}} - board board tsim rau kev siv tam sim ntawd. Ib tus neeg relay yog cov tseem ceeb tivthaiv nws tus kheej. Nws yuav tsum tau koj tsim qauv thiab tsim cov kev txhawb nqa hluav taws xob tsim nyog.

Cov lus qhia no yuav muab kev sib sib zog nqus rau hauv txhua qhov kev xaiv. Peb yuav tshuaj xyuas lub cev ntawm ib tus neeg relay thiab nthuav dav ntawm Circuitry xav tau los ua kom nws ua haujlwm. Peb yuav sau cov cheebtsam ntawm cov relay module thiab kev coj ua lub taub hau {{2} {{3} he} he} he} he} he} he} he} he} he} he} he} he} he} he} he} he} he} he} he} he} he} he} he} he} he} he} he} he} he} he} he} lub taub hau sib piv. Thaum kawg, peb yuav muab cov ntawv thov - cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb los pab koj ua qhov kev xaiv rau koj txoj haujlwm.

Anatomy ntawm ib tug neeg relay

Ua ntej peb tuaj yeem ua tsaug rau tus nqi ntawm kev sib reet module, peb yuav tsum xub nkag siab txog lub hauv paus tivthaiv nws yog ua nyob ib puag ncig. Ntawm nws cov tub ntxhais, contromechanical relay yog ib qho me me, ua hluav taws xob hloov.

Nws siv ib qho me me ntawm lub zog hauv ib Circuit Court (tswj Circuit Court) hloov mus rau ntau qhov hluav taws xob hauv lwm Corcuit Court (lub thauj Circuit Court (lub tsheb thauj khoom). Txhua lub sijhawm khaws cia rau lawv tag nrho.

Cov kev ua haujlwm sab hauv ntawm tus qauv ib tus neeg relay yog muaj kuab heev hauv lawv qhov yooj yim. Lawv muaj ob peb ntu tseem ceeb. Nkag siab txog cov no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm nrog lawv ncaj qha.

Chev:Nov yog hluav taws xob. Thaum tam sim no ntws los ntawm kauj, nws ua rau thaj chaw sib nqus. Nov yog cov "tswv yim" ntawm lub relay.

Armature:Qhov no yog cov neeg siv hluav taws xob txav ib feem ntawm kev hloov. Nws yog nyiam los ntawm kev sib nqus teb ntawm energized chil, ua rau nws mus rau pivot thiab txav cov neeg sib tiv tauj.

Hu rau:Cov no yog qhov hloov mus hloov hluav taws xob uas qhib lossis kaw cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Lawv txuas nrog rau sab nraud.

Com (nquag):Qhov no yog lub davhlau ya nyob twg uas tau hloov ntawm ob qho kev sib cuag. Koj lub peev txheej lub zog yog feem ntau txuas ntawm no.

Tsis muaj (feem ntau qhib):Qhov kev sib cuag no yog disconnected los ntawm cov davhlau ya nyob twg thaum xa xov relay tsis energized. Lub Circuit Court yog qhib los ntawm lub neej ntawd.

NC (ib txwm kaw):Qhov kev sib cuag no txuas nrog rau cov davhlau ya nyob twg thaum cov xa xov hluav taws xob tsis muaj zog. Lub Circuit Court raug kaw los ntawm lub neej ntawd.

Ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev nkag siab yog tias qhov kev tivthaiv no, cov neeg relay, tsis tuaj yeem muaj kev nyab xeeb lossis txuas rau ntawm tus microcontroller pin rhiab. Ua li ntawd yog daim ntawv qhia rau qhov tsis ua haujlwm. Qhov no ua rau peb rau qhov nyuaj ntawm DIY txoj kev.

Tus DIY tus neeg relay

Siv ib tus neeg relay yuav tsum muaj ntau tshaj li qhov sib xyaw ua ke nws tus kheej. Nws xav tau tus qauv tsim thiab sib dhos ntawm cov kev tsim nyog "Tsav Tsheb Circuit Court." Cov Circilcus no ua raws li qhov tsim nyog nruab nrab ntawm koj qhov qis- fais microcontroller thiab cov relay's coil.

Muaj ob qho tseem ceeb, tsis - Hais tau tias vim li cas thiaj li tsav tsheb no yog qhov tseem ceeb. Tsis saib xyuas ib qho yuav zoo li cas, tshwm sim zoo tshaj plaws, ua rau tsis yog -}} txoj haujlwm Circuit Court. Ntawm qhov phem tshaj, nws yuav mus tas li koj tus microhorontroller.

Ua ntej, qhov teeb meem ntawm cov amplification tam sim no. Ib tug microcontroller raug / thiab pin, xws li cov neeg nyob rau arduino Uno, tuaj yeem nyab xeeb kom nyab xeeb ntawm qhov tam sim no. Feem ntau nyob ib ncig 20-40mA. Ib tug relay tus coil feem ntau yuav tsum tau ntau tam sim no los tsim kom muaj zog txaus sib nqus tiv thaiv kev ua kom lub armature. Nyob txhua qhov chaw ntawm 50MA kom ntau dua 100ma muaj ntau.

Lub transistor, xws li NPN Bipoler Juntion Tongoror (BJT) zoo li 2N2222 lossis lub cav - onefet, yuav tsum tau siv. Nws ua raws li kev hloov chaw digital. Nws siv cov me me tam sim no los ntawm microcontroller pin los tswj cov loj tam sim no txaus los ntawm cov relay chev.

Thib ob, thiab kev sib cav ntau qhov tseem ceeb, yog qhov xav tau rov qab - emf tiv thaiv. Tus relay's coil yog lub inductor. Thaum koj hais txog -} pa taws nws los ntawm kev txiav cov tam sim no, kev sib nqus hluav taws xob teb tsim lub loj, hluav taws xob sai sai hauv kev taw qhia rov qab.

Qhov tshwm sim no, lub npe hu ua rov qab - emf (hluav taws xob quab yuam), tuaj yeem ncav ntau pua ntawm volts. Nws yuav tam sim ntawd rhuav tshem cov zis sib txawv ntawm koj cov microcontroller yog tias tsis tswj hwm kom raug.

Txhawm rau tawm tsam qhov no, ib qho "Flyback Diode" (tseem hu ua Snubber lossis freewheeling diode) tau muab tso rau hauv parallel nrog relay chev. Nws yog taw qhia rau thaiv tam sim no thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ib txwm tab sis muab txoj kev nyab xeeb rau lub nraub qaum- emf induculate thiab dissipate tsis muaj teeb meem. Qhov no tiv thaiv koj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tswj.

Tsim cov Circalment no cuam tshuam nrog cov microcontroller pin rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub transistor los ntawm qhov tam sim no- peb txwv} tshee risteator. Koj txuas lub transistor's emitter rau hauv av thiab muab tso rau relay chev nruab nrab ntawm lub zog zoo thiab lub transistor tus sau. Lub flyback diode yog tom qab sib txuas hla cov kauj tsheb terminals, nrog nws cov cathode (cov kab txaij dhau los) tig mus rau qhov khoom zoo. Qhov no yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus yuav siv tau rau kev tsav tsheb kom muaj kev nyab xeeb.

Cov kev sib xyaw ua ke module

Tus relay module yog cov elegant, pre {-} pob daws rau txhua qhov kev cov nyom nyuam qhuav tau piav qhia. Nws siv cov neeg relay thiab cov neeg tsav tsheb tsim nyog thiab ua kom lawv nyob rau ib qho, yooj yim cov ntawv luam tawm hluav taws xob (PCB).

Lub cev, tus relay module yog lub rooj tsavxwm me, feem ntau xiav lossis liab. Nws nta cov relay nws tus kheej, ib txheej ntawm ntsia hlau terminals rau lub siab- hwj chim thauj, thiab kab ntawm header pins rau ib qho kev sib txuas yooj yim rau microcontroller.

Thaum peb unpack dab tsi ntawm tus neeg relay module, peb pom txhua qhov ntawm DIY neeg tsav tsheb Circuit Court, ntxiv rau ob peb yam ntxiv uas siv tau thiab kev nyab xeeb. Qhov kev sib koom ua ke no yog lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm tus qauv.

TusRelayNws tus kheej:Cov tseem ceeb electromechanical hloov yog tshaj tawm txog ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm.

Tus Tsav Tsheb Yug Me:Tucked deb ntawm PCB yog lub transistor (bjt lossis mosfet) uas ua qhov tsim nyog tam sim no ua kom sov.

Flyback Diode:Qhov tseem ceeb tiv thaiv Diode yog ib txwm suav nrog, muab tso rau sab nraum zoov kauj vab coil los tiv thaiv tus neeg tsav tsheb.

Opto -} cais cais (xaiv tau tab sis nquag):Ntau cov qauv ua tau zoo suav nrog Opto - cais tawm. Cov khoom sib xyaw no muaj cov qib siab dua ntawm cov hluav taws xob rho tawm los ntawm kev siv tus LED sab hauv thiab lub phototransistor los xa cov paib tswj ntawm lub teeb. Nws tsim kev sib pauv cua sib txawv ntawm koj cov microcontroller thiab cov Repay tus neeg tsav tsheb, kev tiv thaiv zoo dua tawm tsam suab nrov thiab voltage spikes.

Taw tesLEDs:Modules yuav luag ib txwm muaj xws li tsawg kawg ob LEDs. Ib qho qhia tau tias lub module muaj hwj chim (VCC), thiab lwm yam teeb thaum lub relay tau qhib. Qhov no muab cov lus pom tseeb tam sim ntawd rau ntawm kev txheeb ze.

Ntxiv rauPins (VCC, gnd, hauv):Ib qho yooj yim 3-tus header tso cai rau kev sib txuas huv thiab yooj yim rau koj lub microcontroller lub zog, hauv av, thiab kos npe rau pins.

Ntsia thawv Terminals (com, tsis tau, NC):Cov chav khov kho no muab txoj kev nyab xeeb thiab txhim khu kev qha rau ntau lub siab xav tau rau koj lub siab {{power ac lossis DC load.

Tus ntse ntawm tus relay module yog tias nws abstracts deb ntawm cov nyom ntawm cov qauv siv hluav taws xob. Nws hloov pauv ntau {-}}} {}} heev {{{- xaim txuas. Qhov no ua rau nws sai kawg thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb, tshwj xeeb rau cov pib tshiab.

Lub taub hau - rau -} taub hau sib piv

Xaiv nruab nrab ntawm tus relay module thiab ib tus neeg relay yog kev txiav txim siab raws li kev lag luam - Offs. Txhawm rau xaiv cov kev xaiv, peb yuav tsum tau sib piv ncaj qha hla ob peb qhov tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau txhua qhov haujlwm. Los ntawm ib tug yooj yim hobbyist tsim rau qhov loj -} produced coj mus muag khoom.

Cov lus hauv qab no muab qhov tseeb, ntawm - {{1} -}

Cia piav ntau ntxiv rau cov ntsiab lus no. TusYooj yim sivrau ib tug relay module tsis tuaj yeem ua rau. Nws tshem tawm yuav luag txhua covid rau kev nkag rau kev tswj hwm siab- fais fab ntim. Qhov no ua rau nws muaj kev kawm zoo tshaj plaws.

Qhov no txhais tau hais ncaj qha rau ** ceev ntawm prototyping **. Thaum koj xav tau ib lub tswv yim sai sai, kev siv sijhawm teev, sourcing, thiab solding tus neeg tsav tsheb yog qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Ib tus module relay tso cai rau koj mus los ntawm lub tswvyim mus ua haujlwm ua haujlwm hauv feeb.

Tus nqiyog nuanced zoo. Thaum tus tswj hwm tus kheej ntawm ib tus neeg relay yog pennies ntawm daim duas piv rau tus nqi ntawm lwm tus neeg tsav tsheb, tus PCB, thiab tseem ceeb tshaj, koj lub sijhawm. Rau ib - tawm cov phiaj xwm, tus qauv yog feem ntau tus nqi ntau dua {}} tag nrho cov.

Board chawyog qhov tseem ceeb xav rau cov khoom tsim tsim khoom. Ib tug relay module yog qhov loj, dav - hom phiaj khoom. Ib qho kev cai -}}} tsim lub Circuit Court siv ib tus neeg relay tuaj yeem ua kom deb dua cov khoom lag luam pcb.

Yooj yoojyog thawj qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm DIY txoj kev. Koj tuaj yeem xaiv Relay tseeb rau koj cov kev xav tau. Tej zaum lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb nrog lub voj voog ntau dua kev ntaus nqi, ib lub latching relay rau ultra- lub xeev relay rau ntsiag to, siab {zaus hloov. Nrog tus qauv, koj tau txwv rau cov generic relay nws los nrog.

Kev ntseeg tauYuav yog ob npaug -} yauv ntaj. Ib qho zoo -} Tej rapay module los ntawm ib tug neeg xa khoom tau yog feem ntau ntseeg tau. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tsim qauv tsis zoo lossis sib sau ua ke Circuit Court tuaj yeem yog ib qho chaw ntawm kev ua tsis tiav. Conversely, kev tsim qauv tsim qauv thiab tsim cov kev cai Circuit Court tuaj yeem txhim khu kev qha ntau dua li pheej yig, Mass- tsim module.

Thaum kawg,Kev daws teeb meemTus relay module yog yooj yim. Yog tias nws tsis ua haujlwm, thiab cov cim qhia tawm tswv yim yog qhov tseeb, koj hloov cov qauv. Debugging Ib Customer Kev Tsav Tsheb yuav tsum muaj oscilloscope thiab kev nkag siab tob txog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, tsis muaj ib qho kev sib koom ua ke, lossis sib koom ua ke tsis zoo.

Kev Thov -}} kev xaiv tshwj xeeb

Lub theoretical Pros thiab cons yog pab tau, tab sis qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws feem ntau ua kom meej thaum pom los ntawm lub lens ntawm ib daim ntawv thov tshwj xeeb. Cov lus teb zoo rau lub tsev hobbyist lub tsev ARDuino project yog txawv heev los ntawm qhov ntawd rau tus kws txua neeg tsim qauv tsim cov khoom lag luam rau ntau lawm.

Rau hobbyists thiab tiv thaiv

Rau ib tus neeg ua haujlwm nrog platforms xws li Arduino, raspberry PI, lossis cov lus pom zoo yog qhov tseeb thiab yooj yim: siv ib tus moday module.

Qhov kev xav tau yog multi - faceted. Cov qauv no yog tsim los ua haujlwm zoo kawg nkaus nrog 5V lossis 3.3V cov lus qhia txog qib thiab lub zog hluav taws xob ntawm cov laug cam. Qhov no tshem tawm kev twv thiab ua kom tau raws li lub npov. Tseem ceeb tshaj, nws muab ib txheej ntawm kev nyab xeeb, txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua yuam kev xa cov hluav taws xob siab rov qab rau hauv koj cov microcontroller.

Hauv peb cov kev qhia kev qhia hluav taws xob ua haujlwm, peb ib txwm siv cov khoom siv relay. Nws tso cai rau cov tub ntxhais kawm tsom mus rau cov tub ntxhais tseem ceeb ntawm lawv txoj haujlwm- tus cwj pwm tsis tau los ntawm kev daws teeb meem hauv kev daws teeb meem. Lub hom phiaj yog kom tau txais ib txoj haujlwm ua haujlwm sai thiab tso siab. Tus relay module yog txoj kev nrawm tshaj plaws kom ua tiav.

Rau automation engineers

Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb kev muaj tshuab kev lag luam thiab plc tshuab, toj roob hauv pes yog ntau lo lus. Ob tus neeg rov qab thiab cov qauv siv, tab sis "module" feem ntau yuav siv rau hauv ib daim ntawv tshaj lij ntxiv.

Cov kws ua haujlwm nquag siv lub tsheb ciav hlau nyob nrog tus kab mob sib dhos. Cov no yog indusion - qib chav teev tsim rau kev ua phem hluav taws xob ib puag ncig ntawm cov txee txee. Lawv tau qauv, yooj yim rau daim ntawv lo, thiab tuaj yeem hloov tawm hauv vib nas this yam tsis muaj hlau solding. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txo qis downtime.

Cov qauv Industrial no tseem tsim rau cov kev tswj xyuas kev tswj hluav taws xob ntawm 24V DC, tsis zoo li cov 5V modules siv los ntawm hobbyists siv. Thaum lub PLC cov ntawv tso tawm tuaj yeem tsav ib tus neeg relay ncaj qha ua rau muaj kev sib cais zoo dua qub, thiab cov ntsiab lus meej rau kev daws teeb meem. Ib tus neeg muaj feem ntau yog feem ntau tshwj tseg rau kev siv ntawm kev cai-} tsim intactorcbs hauv ib qho loj dua.

Rau cov tshuab tsim qauv

Thaum lub hom phiaj yog tsim qauv qauv pcb rau cov khoom lag luam uas yuav yog tsim kom muaj nuj nqis, cov ntxhuav tig tag. Ntawm no, tus kheej relay thiab kev cai -}} Tsim hluav taws xob yog yuav luag txhua qhov kev xaiv zoo dua.

Qhov no yog qhov txawv txav tseem ceeb uas ntau cov kev coj ua tsis tiav. Rau huab hwm coj ntau, txhua qhov kev txiav txim siab tau txheeb xyuas tus nqi, chaw, thiab kev ntseeg tau.

Ua ntej,tus nqikev ua kom ua kom zooyog paramount. Ntawm qhov ntsuas ntawm ntau txhiab lossis ntau lab ntawm cov koog, txuag txawm tias $ 0.50 rau ntawm kev siv ib tus neeg relay thiab- ua rau cov nyiaj txiag ua ntej.

Thib ob,qhov chawkev ua kom ua kom zooyog tus yuam sij. Ib qho kev cai Circuit Court tuaj yeem tso tawm ntawm cov PCB tseem ceeb kom deb dua li ib qho loj dua li ib qho, tawm {{2} {sheel module. Qhov no tso cai rau cov khoom tsim me thiab sleeker tsim qauv.

Thib peb,Feem Tiv Thaivua ib tus tswv yim kom zoo dua. Koj tsis nyam nrog cov lus relay. Koj tuaj yeem hais kom meej lub siab-}} Lub xeev relay kom tau raws li kev ua tau zoo lub neej thiab hloov nrawm.

Thaum kawg, los ntawm kev tswj hwm tag nrho cov qauv tsim thiab tsim qauv, los ntawm kev xaiv sib xyaw rau PCB txheej txheem thiab kev sib dhos, koj muaj kev tswj hwm tag nrhokev ntseeg tauthiab qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom kawg.

Koj daim ntawv teev kev txiav txim siab kawg

Txhawm rau siv txhua yam peb muaj npog, peb tuaj yeem rhaub qhov kev txiav txim siab mus rau cov ntawv teev yooj yim. Nug koj tus kheej li tsib nqe lus nug no, thiab txoj kev uas yog rau koj txoj haujlwm tshwj xeeb yuav dhau los ua kom pom tseeb.

Qhov kev paub siv hluav taws xob yog dab tsi?Yog tias koj yog tus pib lossis koj thawj qhov kev tsom xam yog software, tus relay module yog koj tus phooj ywg zoo tshaj. Nws tuaj yeem lav cov khoom ua haujlwm ua haujlwm. Yog tias koj yog tus tsim hluav taws xob uas muaj kev paub zoo nrog cov transistors, datasheets, thiab PCB txheej, tog twg yog nyob saum rooj.

Puas yog qhov no - tawm ntawm project / prototype lossis rau ntau lawm ntau lawm?Rau ib qho {- tawm ntawm project, tus kheej hobotype hobby, lossis thawj zaug kev nrawm nrawm thiab yooj yim ntawm ib tug relay module yog qhov ua tau zoo. Rau tej yam khoom uas npaj rau huab hwm coj ntau lawm, tus nqi thiab chaw txuag ntawm ib tus neeg relay Circuit Court yog yuav luag ib txwm yuav tsum ua.

Txoj kev loj hlob tseem ceeb npaum li cas thiab tus nqi kawg?Nov yog kev lag luam classic - tawm. Yog tias tau txais kev ua haujlwm ua haujlwm thiab khiav nrawm li sai tau yog koj qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, xaiv cov relay module. Yog tias txo cov nqi ntawm cov ntaub ntawv (BOM) them tus nqi ntau lawm yog lub hom phiaj, tus kheej relay yog tib txoj kev mus.

Yuav ua li cas nruj dua yog kuv qhov chaw muaj kev txwv?Yog tias koj muaj qhov chaw txaus hauv koj qhov phiaj xwm phiaj xwm, tus neeg xa khoom zoo yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Yog tias koj tsim cov khoom lag luam ua kom muaj qhov chaw uas muaj txhua lub illimeter suav, koj yuav tsum tsim qauv kev cai ncig ib tus neeg relay.

Kuv puas xav tau ib hom ntawmrelay?Cov qauv relay modules yuav luag txhua lub sijhawm siv ib txwm muaj, ib leeg {{ncej} ncej} Nyem relay. If your application requires a special type, such as a latching (bi-stable) relay, a high-current solid-state relay (SSR), or a multi-pole relay (DPDT), you will almost certainly need to build a custom circuit around that specific individual relay.

Cov cuab yeej raug rau txoj haujlwm

Thaum kawg, qhov kev sib cav sib ceg ntawm tus relay module thiab ib tus neeg relay tsis yog hais txog qhov twg yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws "zoo tshaj plaws." Nws tab tom xaiv cov cuab yeej zoo rau txoj haujlwm ntawm tes.

Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kev xa tawm thiab cov neeg hais rov qab yog kev lag luam -}} tawm ntawm kev yooj yim thiab kev hloov kho. Tus relay module muaj qhov yooj yim yooj yim, kev nyab xeeb, thiab nrawm. Qhov no ua rau nws xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau cov pib tshiab, cov kws qhia ntawv, thiab kev tiv thaiv sai sai.

Tus kheej relay, ua ke nrog kev cai tsav tsheb Circuit Court, muaj kev tswj tiav, nqi ua kom zoo, thiab chaw ua haujlwm. Qhov no ua rau nws xaiv kev kho kom haum rau cov kws tsim qauv tsim khoom lag luam rau cov loj ntau lawm.

Los ntawm kev nkag siab txog qhov sib txawv ntawm ib tug relay module thiab ib tus neeg relay, thiab los ntawm kev xav tau, thiab tam sim no tau npaj los xaiv txoj cai nrog kev ntseeg siab. Qhov no ua kom koj txoj haujlwm yog qhov ua tiav thiab txuag tau.

Kuj

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